Afternoon timeseries of prior and true domain-average emissions, compared to baseline and four additional model scenarios. CO2 emissions are in the same format as Figure 4, comparing baseline posterior (red) to additional scenarios. Scenario A is the same as baseline, but with uncertainty at four point sources surrounding RPK reduced to 10%. Scenarios B and C are the same as baseline, but with 2 ppm and 4 ppm RMSE, respectively, added to RPK observations on the R diagonal. The RPK-excluded scenario is same as baseline but with RPK removed from observations (only 5 sites used). RPK-excluded emissions do not exhibit negative corrective bias within the grey shaded columns; Scenarios B and C minimize this bias from baseline, and Scenario A shows exaggerated bias. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.375.f11