University of California Press

Figure 9

Collection of upstream CH4 leakage rates of worldwide natural gas systems. The figure includes the most accredited studies investigating CH4 leakages and compares them with the REm and OEm for shale gas scenarios in Germany (GER) and the UK (Zavala-Araiza et al., 2015; Littlefield et al., 2017; WEO, 2017; Alvarez et al., 2018; EPA, 2018; UNFCCC NIR submission 2018 for Germany and submission 2017 for the UK). All leakage estimates are normalized to the total gas produced, except for Littlefield’s study (gas delivered). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.359.f9

Collection of upstream CH₄ leakage rates of worldwide natural gas systems. The figure includes the most accredited studies investigating CH₄ leakages and compares them with the REm and OEm for shale gas scenarios in Germany (GER) and the UK (Zavala-Araiza et al., 2015; Littlefield et al., 2017; WEO, 2017; Alvarez et al., 2018; EPA, 2018; UNFCCC NIR submission 2018 for Germany and submission 2017 for the UK). All leakage estimates are normalized to the total gas produced, except for Littlefield’s study (gas delivered). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.359.f9

This Feature Is Available To Subscribers Only