Map showing the Barents Sea with the sampling stations. Hydrography in the Barents Sea is influenced by Atlantic-derived water (red arrows, entering from the southwest) and Arctic-derived water (blue arrow, entering from the northeast). The four sampling stations were in the Arctic-influenced part of the Barents Sea (M1, north of the Polar Front, indicated by the dotted line), in the region of the Polar Front (M2, M3) and in the Atlantic-influenced part (M4). The blue stars designate the land-based weather stations (from north to south: Edgeøya, Hopen and Bjørnøya). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.235.f1