Maximum monthly SST anomalies per decade for LMEs in the Arctic and around Europe. The anomalies are relative to the historical period (1976–2005). They were obtained from the individual CMIP5 (red) and CESM-LENS (blue) simulations. They are shown in box and whiskers format, where the end points are the maximum and minimum values, the box boundaries are the inter-quartile range (25%–75%) and the median is the central line. Hadley SST observations are shown with black dots for the 1980s, 1990s, 2000s and the period 2006–2016. The observations lie within the range of the model variability for most LMEs. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.191.f8