Shown are the P-limited area in July (a) and hypoxic area in July–August (b). For each experiment: control (C), +50% N and P (+NP), 50% N and P (−NP), 50% N (−N), 50% P (−P), +50% N and 50% P (+N−P) and +50% freshwater discharge (+FW). Small bars: area for each year of the simulation from 2001 to 2007 (left to right); wide grey bars: average for the whole simulation; dashed lines: averages in the control simulation.