University of California Press

Table 5: Results of the hierarchical regression analyses with self-control as a moderator

		Smoking
		b	SE b	Beta	[95%-CI]	p	R	R [95%-CI]	√(ΔR²)	√(ΔR²) [95%-CI]
Step 1	Age	-.02	0.02	-.02	[-0.07, 0.03]	.416	.08	[0.04, 0.12]	.08	[0.04, 0.12]
Step 1	Gender	-.08	0.02	-.08	[-0.12, -0.04]	<.001	.08	[0.04, 0.12]	.08	[0.04, 0.12]
Step 2	Age	-.01	0.02	-.01	[-0.06, 0.04]	.722	.13	[0.09, 0.17]	.10	[0.06, 0.14]
	Gender	-.08	0.02	-.08	[-0.12, -0.04]	<.001
	Shift work	.09	0.02	.09	[0.05, 0.14]	<.001
Step 3	Age	.01	0.02	.01	[-0.04, 0.05]	.670	.16	[0.12, 0.20]	.10	[0.06, 0.14]
	Gender	-.07	0.02	-.07	[-0.11, -0.03]	.001
	Shift work	.09	0.02	.09	[0.05, 0.13]	<.001
	Self-control	-.10	0.03	-.10	[-0.17, -0.03]	.014
Step 4	Age	.01	0.02	.01	[-0.03, 0.05]	.661	.16	[0.12, 0.20]	.00	[-0.04, 0.04]
	Gender	-.07	0.02	-.07	[-0.11, -0.03]	.002
	Shift work	.02	0.05	.02	[-0.08, 0.13]	.675
	Self-control	-.11	0.03	-.11	[-0.18, -0.03]	.008
	Shift work x self-control	.07	0.06	.07	[-0.04, 0.18]	.207
Step 5	Age	.01	0.02	.01	[-0.03, 0.05]	.658	.16	[0.12, 0.20]	.00	[-0.04, 0.04]
	Gender	-.11	0.07	-.11	[-0.25, 0.02]	.107
	Shift work	-.05	0.18	-.05	[-0.41, 0.31]	.793
	Self-control	-.17	0.09	-.17	[-0.35, 0.01]	.068
	Shift work x self-control	.19	0.19	.19	[-0.18, 0.56]	.303
	Shift work x gender	.08	0.19	.08	[-0.30, 0.45]	.697
	Gender x self-control	.08	0.11	.08	[-0.13, 0.30]	.446
	Shift work x gender x self-control	-.13	0.19	-.13	[-0.51, 0.26]	.510

Note. SE = standard error; [95%-CI] = confidence interval for b and Beta; p = p-value; R[95%-CI] = confidence interval for R; √(ΔR²)[95%-CI] = confidence interval for √(ΔR²).

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