Semantic Scales Used in the Experiment
| deep, thick, heavy | brassy, metallic | woody |
| smooth, singing, sweet | raspy, grainy, gravelly | muted, veiled |
| project, commanding, powerful | ringing, long decay | sustained, even |
| nasal, buzzy, pinched | sparkling, brilliant, bright | open |
| shrill, harsh, noisy | airy, breathy | focused, compact |
| percussive (sharp beginning) | resonant, vibrant | watery, fluid |
| pure, clear, clean | hollow |
| deep, thick, heavy | brassy, metallic | woody |
| smooth, singing, sweet | raspy, grainy, gravelly | muted, veiled |
| project, commanding, powerful | ringing, long decay | sustained, even |
| nasal, buzzy, pinched | sparkling, brilliant, bright | open |
| shrill, harsh, noisy | airy, breathy | focused, compact |
| percussive (sharp beginning) | resonant, vibrant | watery, fluid |
| pure, clear, clean | hollow |
Note: Scales were derived from Reymore and Huron (2020) but were limited to a maximum of three terms per scale.