...Wendy L. Rouse World War II challenged traditional gender norms as women increasingly took on responsibilities on the home front and in the defense industry that had been formerly reserved for men. The war also fueled a renewed interest in women’s self-defense. Justified in nationalistic...

...Brianna Theobald This article explores the history of the Crow Indian Woman’s Club, an organization founded in 1930 that persisted, on and off, through the early 1980s. Marshalling their identities as “educated Indian women” and lacking direct channels of political power, Crow clubwomen relied...

...Celeste R. Menchaca This article examines the dynamic interactions between Mexican women who sought to circumvent their sexual regulation at the U.S.-Mexico border, and U.S. immigration officials who enforced these regulations and policed these women's bodies in the early twentieth century. Using...

... women migration social movements comparative transnational Japan U.S. West Anti-prostitution Campaigns in Japan and the American West, 1890 1920: A Transpaci c Comparison KAZUHIRO OHARAZEKI The author is an independent scholar working in Japan; he received his doctorate from the State...

... and Tijuana offered opportunities for economic and social advancement not available to them in the United States. As transnational subjects, these U.S. women exploited the ethno-cultural complexities of the border to claim “whiteness” as “Americans” and yet also relied on the Mexican state to guarantee...