there is debate about the extent of overlap between music and language processing in the brain and whether these processes are functionally independent in expert musicians. A language comprehension task and a visuospatial search task were administered to 36 expert musicians and 36 matched nonmusicians in conditions of silence and piano music played correctly and incorrectly. Musicians performed more poorly on the language comprehension task in the presence of background music compared to silence, but there was no effect of background music on the musicians' performance on the visuospatial task. In contrast, the performance of nonmusicians was not affected by music on either task. The findings challenge the view that music and language are functionally independent in expert musicians, and instead suggest that when musicians process music they recruit a network that overlaps with the network used in language processing. Additionally, musicians outperformed nonmusicians on both tasks, reflecting either a general cognitive advantage in musicians or enhancement of more specific cognitive abilities such as processing speed or executive functioning.
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December 2011
Research Article|
December 01 2011
The Effect of Background Music on Cognitive Performance in Musicians and Nonmusicians
Lucy L. M. Patston,
Lucy L. M. Patston
The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Lynette J. Tippett
Lynette J. Tippett
The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Music Perception (2011) 29 (2): 173–183.
Article history
Received:
December 02 2010
Accepted:
July 24 2011
Citation
Lucy L. M. Patston, Lynette J. Tippett; The Effect of Background Music on Cognitive Performance in Musicians and Nonmusicians. Music Perception 1 December 2011; 29 (2): 173–183. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/mp.2011.29.2.173
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