Cutting-edge technologies, and particularly three-dimensional digital modeling, are transforming architectural history, especially in the area of premodern architecture. Gone are the days of hand-drawn elevations and sketchy illustrations of vanished monuments: by integrating laser scans and photogrammetry with graphic images and written documents, three-dimensional digital modeling can produce the most evocative illustrations of architecture to date. In the past decade or so, architectural historians have turned to such modeling as a means of reverse engineering parts of buildings as well as whole buildings to visually examine change over time. The innovations of 3D modeling are particularly generative for research on the medieval European built environment, whose corpus has been significantly altered and diminished by time. In addition to offering new insights from the fragments of old or vanished structures, these technologies allow for analyses that permit a new way of seeing and interacting with materials, interior spaces, urban environments, and...

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