... abbreviations are used: AEC, United States Atomic Energy Commission; AUI, Associated Universities, Inc.; BDO Files, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Director s Office Files, American Institute of Physics, College Park, MD; BNL, Brookhaven National Laboratory; DOE/NV, Department of Energy, Nuclear Testing Archive...

...Eugene Cittadino In the late 1950s Paul Sears, director of the nation’s first graduate program in conservation, was called upon to join a special committee of leading scientists and engineers to advise the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission on its Plowshare program. Project Plowshare, a creation...

...Simone Turchetti After World War II had ended, Italy, not unlike other developed countries, held the ambition to establish an atomic energy program. The Peace Treaty of 1947 forbade its administration from seeking to acquire atomic weaponry, but in 1952 a national research committee was set up...

...Rachel Rothschild The U.S. military first sponsored ecological research during World War II to monitor the release of radioactive effluent into waterways from plutonium production. The Atomic Energy Commission later expanded these investigations to include studies of radioactive fallout...

...Megan Barnhart Sethi Immediately following World War II, atomic scientists and their colleagues in other disciplines formed the Federation of American Scientists (FAS) and dedicated themselves to increasing public knowledge about atomic energy and the need for international control. FAS scientists...