.../ . Arctic Ocean MOSAiC Spatial variability Hydrography Transpolar Drift Heat fluxes To a large extent, the Arctic Ocean has been historically inaccessible due to its perennial ice cover, resulting in limited data availability, particularly during winter. With global warming triggering rapid...

... is a typical sub-Arctic ( AMAP, 2018 ), ice-free fjord with anthropogenic influence in Northern Norway and may therefore serve as a model area for other fjords. In our study, we assessed the hydrography, the suspended and exported auto- and heterotrophic biomass (chlorophyll a , particulate organic carbon...