.... This article attempts to compile new scientific results over the past decade focusing on SOLAS relevant processes within the IO. Key findings with respect to monsoon and air–sea interactions, oxygen minimum zones, ocean biogeochemistry, atmospheric composition, upper ocean ecosystem, and interactions between...

... with a net cooling effect over the industrial era that counterbalances greenhouse gas warming, yet with an uncertain amplitude. Here we report recent advances in our understanding of how open ocean aerosol sources are modulated by ocean biogeochemistry and how they, in turn, shape cloud coverage...

... Biogeochemistry Sediment The marine environment in the Arctic is characterized by the high seasonality of the solar cycle and sea-ice dynamics, which in turn determine the dynamics of nutrient availability and primary production and with that, the availability of food in the ecosystem. Pathways...

..., provided the original author and source are credited. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ . Biogeochemistry Atmosphere Antarctica The Southern Ocean and Antarctica are distant from human sources of atmospheric pollutants, instead being dominated by natural aerosol and vapors...

... are credited. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ . Biogeochemistry Haptophytes Phenology Pigments Sea ice Seeding Sea ice covers more than 10% of the world’s oceans and forms a unique habitat in polar regions. In spring and summer, the ice is very rich in algal biomass...

... Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ . Wastewater Eutrophication Biogeochemistry Nutrient cycles Coastal...

... of concentrations between sea ice and underlying seawater ( Fripiat et al., 2017 ). Biogeochemistry Sea ice Nutrient cycling Microbial biofilm Sea ice plays a significant role in biogeochemical cycles, providing an active biogeochemical interface at the ocean-atmosphere boundary...

... inlet connects to the northwest passage. CTD = conductivity–temperature–depth. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2021.00103.f1 Biogeochemistry Carbon cycle Ocean acidification Gas exchange Sea ice Chemical sensors As the Arctic warms at twice the rate of lower latitudes...

... currents Biogeochemistry The Solomon Sea is a semi-enclosed sea located at the western boundary of the equatorial Southwest Pacific Ocean, between Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands (Figure 1 ). Suspecting the importance of the Solomon Sea circulation to the general Pacific circulation...

... cm was assigned as surface layer. b Data for St.4 were obtained from Enberg et al. (2015) . Sea Ice biogeochemistry primary production calculations Optical properties and bio-optical modelling of primary production are well described in sea water (e.g., Morel, 1988...

... in sea-ice biogeochemistry has accelerated significantly, bringing together a multi-disciplinary community from a variety of fields. This disciplinary diversity has contributed a wide range of methodological techniques and approaches to sea-ice studies, complicating comparisons of the results...