... by The Regents of the University of California 2024 China common prosperity welfare redistribution pensions inequality “[T]he CCP has opted to rely on interregional rather than interclass redistribution to avoid public resistance and contention.” In early 2021, President Xi Jinping...

... neoliberalism privatization vouchers health care pensions education policy trade protests inequality democracy Michelle Bachelet political parties 49 The challenge for Chile is to ensure that policy making and governance are democratized further. Chile s Elites Face Demands for Reform...

... slightly recovered since then, mostly thanks to higher rates among immigrant women. This long-term decline in fertility rates, com- bined with longer life expectancies, has resulted in a serious funding problem for the generous old- age pension systems in place throughout the con- tinent. Pensions were...

... The Regents of the University of California aging Sarah Harper demography Europe demographic transition intergenerational contract pensions Italy France Spain 117 It appears likely that the twentieth-century approach of many aging European societies relying on migrant workers from...