... Sara Rich Dorman Africa Zimbabwe Emmerson Mnangagwa Robert Mugabe liberation war Zimbabwe African National Union ZANU Morgan Tsvangirai military coup authoritarian rule land independence 163 In 1980, Robert Mugabe and his Zimbabwe Af-rican National Union (ZANU) party came...

...Diego Muro Legality and legitimacy must be reconciled to address political disaffection and find a more stable accommodation for Catalonia within Spain. © 2018 Current History. All rights reserved. 2018 The Regents of the University of California Diego Muro Spain Catalonia independence...

... National Party had demon- strated their strength (a proposal to make Scotland an independent nation was defeated by a narrow margin in a 2014 referendum). When Prime Minister David Cameron promised in 2013 to hold a referendum on EU membership, the move was seen not only as a concession to the awkward...

...-Busse Europe European Union Eastern Germany Angela Merkel Hungary Viktor Orbán Greece immigration asylum Christianity Islam NATO France National Front Britain UK Independence Party 89 Eastern Europe remains poorer and less democratically experienced than West- ern Europe...

... of California Alex de Waal Africa South Sudan independence civil war corruption oil ethnic conflict African Union United Nations PERSPECTIVE When they celebrated independence on July 9, 2011, the people of South Sudan hoped that the fundamental problems that had doomed the united nation...

... to imagine Spanish armies marching on Barcelona. Moreover, most of the secessionist movements, so far, envisage independence within the European Union, and within NATO, albeit without nuclear weapons on their soil. Keen on leaving one union, they want to remain within others, with their for- mer partners...

...James Siekmeier “Latin American nationalism is unique in comparison with the nationalisms of other regions in the developing world because it achieved political independence at least a century before it gained social and economic independence.” Fifth in a series on resurgent nationalism around...

... Mongolia independence alliances mineral resources sovereign narrow-gauge wide-gaude relations inner kyakhta suzerainty seaports ports twitter downturn oyu tolgoi Ivanhoe Canadian POSCO Kazakhstan Genie coal self-sufficient supply national renewable energy Ulaanbaatar...

... of the University of California Ali Riaz Bangladesh independence 1971 JP Jaitiya Sheikh Hasina Khaleda Zia democracy 2014 election January parliamentary caretaker government Hussain Muhammed Ershad civilian authoritarianism war BNP Amendment international crimes tribunal ICT BJI...

... a nuclear breakout. fruStration and fury From the time of independence from Britain in 1948, Myanmar s government has had limited authority over its own territory. Shortly after in- dependence, ethnic minority groups began fight- ing the central government, dominated by ethnic majority Burmans, and at one...

...Barry Sautman As the myths surrounding the Tibetan cause are challenged by scholars, emigre leaders may reconsider their claim that an independent Tibet is inevitable. And China's leaders may confront the self-delusion that because the Tibet question will end with the Dalai Lama, a compromise...