... that view the fusion of state and private interests in China as a threat to their own national security. China economic policy communism capitalism business Xi Jinping “In a party-state capitalist system, the state’s prioritization of political goals drastically limits the scope for making...

... China governance surveillance law corruption civil liberties Internet Xi Jinping communism 209 Social credit redirects the power of data away from markets and strengthens the state s ability to comprehensively control behavior. China s Social Credit System: Data-Driven Governance...

... protection fake goods food socialism communism postsocialismcapitalism government regulation deregulation 103 What do consumer rights actually mean in a context in which citizens are unsure whether there is even a functioning judicial system . . . ? Consumers Demand More in Postsocialist...

... reserved. 2019 The Regents of the University of California Tomasz Inglot Eastern Europe social mobility middle class inequality communism employment labor inequality populism labor migration welfare family policy Poland Hungary 96 The region has seen a radical shift from...

... of California Vladimir Tismaneanu Romania democracy communism fascism totalitarianism Hungary Viktor Orbán George Soros Poland Solidarity postcommunism history Ceausescu dictatorship PERSPECTIVE 1989 and After: Morality and Truth in Postcommunist Societies VLADIMIR TISMANEANU 114 Almost...

... Theodore Gerber Russia economic reform oligarchs middle class social mobility education cronyism corruption Soviet Union communism inequality 258 The fall of the Soviet Union sparked hopes that a Russian middle class would emerge and thrive, but so far it has not. Stalled Social...

... culture autocracy democracy communism Crimea Ukraine NATO Boris Yeltsin Boris Nemtsov Dmitry Medvedev 251 Vladimir Putin has ruled Russia for so long that it s hard to imagine Russia without him. He has been Russia s central decision maker as president or prime minister for nearly two...

... mobility middle class poverty labor migration informal economy economic development communism Chinese Communist Party Mao Zedong 203 In December 1978, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) formally announced its decision to leave the safe shores of economic policies based on state socialism...

... Chinese University Press , 2018 © 2018 Current History. All rights reserved. 2018 The Regents of the University of California Jessica C. Teets book review Red Swan Sebastian Heilmann Xi Jinping Mao Zedong Deng Xiaoping Chinese Communist Party communism governance reform...

... Jaroslaw Kaczynski Hungary Viktor Orbán Fidesz European Union European Council Solidarity communism illiberal 96 The one bright light in this darkening landscape is that Poles remain committed to democracy. Poland s Path to Illiberalism ANNA GRZYMALA-BUSSE Poland, long the postcommunist...

...Maria Todorova Two books offer different takes on everyday life in Bulgaria since 1989, one a lament for the loss of social solidarity, the other a lyrical portrait of a wild frontier region. Red Hangover: Legacies of Twentieth-Century Communism , by Kristen Ghodsee Duke University Press...

... Russian Revolution foreign policy Cold War Third World China United States Europe NATO anticolonialism decolonization national liberation nonaligned movement communism 258 Russia continues to be caught between a need to integrate itself into the West and a desire to maintain its...

... Lenin Bolsheviks Russian Revolution empire communism Marxism capitalism Joseph Stalin Soviet Union imperialism nationalism Russia empire self-determination In the first quarter-century since the disintegra-tion of the Soviet Union and the collapse of self-described communism...

... . Pantheon , 2017 . © 2017 Current History. All rights reserved. 2017 The Regents of the University of California Robert Weller book review Souls China Ian Johnson China religion Daoism Buddhism Christianity Protestant churches Mao communism Until about a decade ago, much...

...Rudra Sil After the fall of communism, the restructuring of labor became an integral part of the larger project of building democracy and markets. © 2017 Current History. All rights reserved. 2017 The Regents of the University of California 88 After the fall of communism, the restructuring...

... Holly Case Hungary Viktor Orbán Young Democrats Poland Jarosław Kaczyński Law and Justice party Fidesz populism refugee crisis immigration Islam authoritarianism Eastern Europe illiberalism communism PERSPECTIVE There s a lot we re getting wrong if we see the illiberal...

... Soviet Union workers peasants labor relations Vladimir Putin industrialization monotowns communism capitalism 264 Workers form the exemplary class of economic, social, and psychological losers of the postcommunist transition. Working-Class Resilience in Russia JEREMY MORRIS Ever since...

...Andrew Wilson ‘Transition’ is clearly much harder than it was immediately after the collapse of communism in 1989—91, now that the West is weaker and Russia is not only stronger but committed to keeping its neighbors weak. 259 The chain of events that began in November 2013 with the first protests...

... perspective Michael Reynolds turkey Turkish AKP Ukraine Russia Putin Vladimir West collapse communism Crimea Donbas Donbass invasion Russian cold war rebel Obama maidan USSR soviet protests orange Poroshenko Malaysian Kremlin Nato EU Brics revolution protest nationalism...

..., including much of the energy sector and the rail network, along with an expand- ing hold over the mining, construction, and tele- communications sectors. On the few occasions when it has rebuffed Russian overtures, Yerevan has mustered a surpris- ing degree of political will and independence. For exam- ple...