...Nelly Bekus Some of the state's recent initiatives have sought to reappropriate ethno-cultural and pre-Soviet history and tradition, shaping a new politics of identity. © 2019 Current History. All rights reserved. 2019 The Regents of the University of California Belarus identity...

...Theodore P. Gerber “The fall of the Soviet Union sparked hopes that a Russian middle class would emerge and thrive, but so far it has not.” Second in a series on social mobility around the world . © 2018 Current History. All rights reserved. 2018 The Regents of the University of California...

... Shavkat Mirziyoyev Islam Karimov democratic reforms Soviet Union authoritarianism Islam Central Asia labor migration 277 [L]abor migration brought the country to a point of no return: millions of the poorest Uzbeks could no longer be cut off from the rest of the world . . . Uzbekistan...

... The Vory Russia's Super Mafia organized crime Russia Soviet Union corruption Vladimir Putin Donald Trump Hundreds of books, in dozens of lan-guages, have been written about the so-called Russian Mafiya and the vory, the thieves of Soviet and post-Soviet organized- crime gangs. Many...

... its independence from the West. IDEOLOGY AND INFLUENCE It is hard to delineate where Russia s issues with identity and ideology end and where its practical policy choices begin. During the Cold War and after, many observers and scholars argued over whether the Soviet Union s foreign policy was gov...

...Ronald Grigor Suny The Soviet Union was an empire within which nations old and new developed, changed, and eventually became self-sufficient enough to opt out. In the first quarter-century since the disintegra-tion of the Soviet Union and the collapse of self-described communism, the legacy...

... organized labor strikes communism trade unions unemployment capitalism Eastern Europe Soviet Union Bulgaria Croatia Czech Republic Hungary Poland Romania Slovakia Slovenia 88 After the fall of communism, the restructuring of labor became an integral part of the larger project...

... Soviet Union Berlin Wall Boris Yeltsin Vladimir Putin © 2016 Current History. All rights reserved. 2016 The Regents of the University of California Secondhand Time: The Last of the Soviets , by Svetlana Alexievich Random House , 2016 It has now been a quarter-century since...

... Ever since the end of the Soviet Union a joke has been making the rounds of the Rus-sian factories and workshops that stretch from St. Petersburg to the Pacific Ocean: In the Soviet Union, ordinary people always knew the authorities were lying about communism; now they real- ize that they were telling...

...Oxana Shevel The fundamental dilemma in Ukraine's decommunization process is how to undo the legal, institutional, and historical legacy of the Soviet era without repeating the Soviet approach of mandating one ‘correct’ interpretation of the past … © 2016 Current History. All rights reserved...

...Marianne Kamp While Soviet efforts to promote gender equality are not openly celebrated, the idea planted in the region during that now-disdained era—that men and women should be equal under the law—is still holding fast. © 2016 Current History. All rights reserved. 2016 The Regents...

... Kaliningrad oblast enclave exclave Crimea Soviet Cold war testing leadership network presence Terras force Wales Article 108 Nearly every senior official in Poland and the Baltic countries expressed great unease. Political leaders and military commanders in the region increasingly warned...

... national self-determination nationalism internationalism hegemony world war one Europe civilization globalization great war trenches France Germany Russia czar czarist dominate ottoman empire Wilson east Asia Middle East colonies imperial depression bolshevik soviet Clark...

... bolshevik soviet Clark suffering cost Caucasus Gallipoli Galicia Yugoslavia Japan Turkey points fourteen wilsonian LNU Addams grey Comité des études Ligue pour une Société des Nations disarmament UN vision labor ILO 305 The world ended up with a League that simultaneously...

... dominate ottoman empire Wilson east Asia Middle East colonies imperial depression bolshevik soviet suffering cost Caucasus Gallipoli Galicia Yugoslavia Japan Turkey 318 [T]he war undoubtedly acted as a major catalyst to an aspect of the modern world we have seen time and time again...

... East colonies imperial depression bolshevik soviet Clark suffering cost Caucasus Gallipoli Galicia Yugoslavia Japan Turkey parallax 299 World War I was the first mass episode of the twentieth century. The death of over 10 million soldiers, mostly Europeans, plunged entire societies...

... Patricia clavin economic economics consequences peace economy world war one Europe civilization globalization great war France Germany Russia czar czarist debt reparations dominate ottoman empire Wilson east Asia Middle East colonies imperial depression bolshevik soviet...

... soviet Clark suffering cost Caucasus Black sea port Japan Turkey PERSPECTIVE Centennial anniversaries are a wonderful boon for historians, who are made to feel relevant in a way they never are the rest of the time. Publishers scramble to solicit and then market their work; scholarly journals...

... war one Europe civilization globalization great war trenches France Germany Russia czar czarist dominate ottoman empire Wilson east Asia Middle East colonies imperial depression bolshevik soviet suffering cost Caucasus conflict If World War I turned the world upside...

... rights reserved. 2014 The Regents of the University of California Marlene Laruelle Ukraine Russia Putin Vladimir West collapse communism Crimea Donbas Donbass invasion Russian cold war MH17 rebel Obama maidan USSR soviet protests orange Poroshenko Malaysian Kremlin Nato...