... of California Michele Dunne Egypt coup Muslim Brotherhood Abdel Fattah el-Sisi Cairo Wedian Arab Spring military authoritarianism repression 355 By 2018, most Egyptians who had played important roles in public life between the mid-2000s and the 2013 coup were either in prison or in exile...

... of the University of California Umair Javed Pakistan Nawaz Sharif military democracy corruption judiciary judges courts Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz Panama Papers Pervez Musharraf 123 On July 28, 2017, a Supreme Court verdict put Nawaz Sharif s name on the long list of deposed Pakistani...

... refugees terrorism genocide ethnic cleansing Buddhist Muslim Aung San Suu Kyi South Asia 129 Bangladesh has neither the military nor the diplomatic power to force a solution on Myanmar. Bangladesh Copes With the Rohingya Crisis By Itself NAVINE MURSHID Growing up in Bangladesh in the 1980s...

... History. All rights reserved. 2018 The Regents of the University of California Joshua Lustig book review The New Pakistani Middle Class Ammara Maqsood Pakistan Lahore middle class Islam Muslim lifestyle secular business headscarf education urban cities Ammara Maqsood...

... foreign policy Saudi Arabia Gulf Cooperation Council Al Jazeera Bahrain Kuwait Oman United Arab Emirates UAE Iran Egypt Muslim Brotherhood Muhammad bin Salman Thani 342 Years of anger at Doha s brash regional policies may have made the opportunity to put Qatar back in its place...

... of the University of California Ian Hartshorn Arab Spring uprisings labor trade unions Middle East North Africa Egypt Tunisia Hosni Mubarak Mohamed Morsi Muslim Brotherhood 349 Some trade unions, even in the most repressive states, attempted to organize themselves and press for greater...

...Sara Silvestri [T]he main religious traditions all share references to journeys and emigration experiences as metaphors for the human condition. © 2016 Current History. All rights reserved. 2016 The Regents of the University of California Sara Silvestri Islam Muslim Syria Iraq Middle...

... Arab Spring General Abdel Fattah el-Sisi Muslim Brotherhood Mohamed Morsi January 2011 uprising authoritarian rule human rights economic reforms Salafis Sinai 343 Sisi s focus on fighting terrorism has shifted the nation s political narrative from democracy and freedom...

... rights reserved. 2015 The Regents of the University of California Marc Lynch Arab Spring public sphere Egypt Tahrir Square Al Jazeera Qatar Kuwait Tunisia Libya Hosni Mubarak Mohamed Morsi Abdel Fattah el-Sisi Muslim Brotherhood satellite television Internet social...

... of California Jenny White Turkey tipping point Erdogan AKP Turkish polarization ottoman nationalism authoritarianism aspiration platform elections kemalist fethullah gulen soma muslim turkishness kurd secularist secular religious PKK gezi kobani 356 By pulling the levers...

... China ethnic stick carrot minorities religious Muslim Uighur Uyghur Nepal monks Buddhist party-state Han hanification sinocization Umruqi capital train separatism PRC mongols manchus nationalities ethnicities celestial empire three-tier Confucian Turkic tensions post-mao...

... Egypt Hosni Mubarak Mohamed Morsi Islam Muslim Brotherhood revolution military coup autocracy Abdel Fattah el-Sisi 338 Not only was the paramount role of the military unimpeded after the exit of Mubarak, but other key institutions were undiminished in their power. The Return of Egypt...

... Arab Spring democracy Hillary Clinton George Bush Zine el-Abidine Ben Ali Tunisia Egypt Muslim Brotherhood 14 This is a period laden with potential for the growth of freedom, but also heavy with risks and challenges for the United States. Arab Revolts Upend Old Assumptions aUgUstUs...

... Muslim Brotherhood Al Nahda Libyan Islamic Fighting Group Egypt Tunisia Libya Salafists 358 It makes no sense today to divide Arab politics into neatly crafted opposites, the Islamist versus the civil democratic blocs. Islamism After the Arab Spring aShraF el SheriF During the early...

... Middle East United States Britain development Muslim Brotherhood social media Iran Saudi Arabia Al Qaeda 364 The contagion effect created by the regime changes in Tunisia, Egypt, and Libya suggests a significant degree of imagined community among Arabs everywhere. The Middle East in Flux...

... United States Iraq Afghanistan Osama bin Laden George Bush 9-11 Ayman Zawahiri Muslim We know that we re killing a lot, captur-ing a lot, collecting arms, Secretary ofDefense Donald Rumsfeld reportedly told a meeting of defense analysts and retired offi- cers at the Pentagon last year. We...

... Europe United States OECD WTO EU Muslim China Doha Round Millennium Goals G-8 Transatlantic economic relations will provide the glue that holds the partner- ship of America and Europe together even as conflicting interests in other areas may push them apart. 370 Transatlantic relations...

... of the University of California Nigeria Olusegun Obasanjo Hausa-Fulani Igbos Yoruba Republic Biafra Sani Abacha Ibrahim Babangida PDP Muslim 215 In April 2003 Nigerians reelected President Oluse-gun Obasanjo to a second term in polling gener-ally accepted as free and fair, though marred...

... The Regents of the University of California United States George Bush Saddam Hussein Iraq terrorism Middle East democracy Muslim Al Qaeda Arab The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001,threw into serious question a long-standingtenet of US policy toward the Middle East: the assumption...

... History. All rights reserved. 2003 The Regents of the University of California United States George Bush terrorism Al Qaeda Robert Mueller George Tenet Muslim counterterrorism Afghanistan 411 How goes this war? Both Al Qaeda and the United States can claim some degree of success...