...-class milieu accessed credit following Lebanon’s civil war, and how everything has changed during the current dollar shortage. Fadia rents an apartment about a ten-minute walk from mine. She lives alone. In the absence of a comprehensive pension scheme, when she retired in 2018 she received a lump-sum...

...William F. S. Miles The Druze, despite being a small minority faith group, have long survived in a challenging region, thanks in part to a doctrine of deference to whatever state they live in. In the past few years, however, the three largest Druze populations—in Israel, Lebanon, and Syria—have...

...Elena Fiddian-Qasmiyeh; Yousif M. Qasmiyeh Palestinian refugee camps, long established in Lebanon, have become havens for people from other nationalities as well, most recently Syrians who fled the civil war. Accustomed to neglect or outright hostility from Lebanese officials, camp residents have...

... of California Lebanon Arab uprisings corruption PERSPECTIVE The Lebanese Rise Up Against a Failed System MARWAN M. KRAIDY 361 On October 17, 2019, the Lebanese took to the streets in protests that spread from Bei-rut to the entire country within hours and to the diaspora within days. The trigger...

... Ghosn Syria civil war refugees sanctions drought Bashar al-Assad reconstruction reconciliation Turkey Lebanon Russia Iran Arab Spring 331 When the guns finally fall silent, the road to recovery in Syria will be long, bumpy, and treacherous. Post-conflict reconstruction, reparations...

... Chatty Syria Jordan Lebanon Turkey camps war civilians resettlement Europe United Nations High Commissioner Refugees UNHCR 337 The memory of the ties among the region s peoples under the Ottoman Empire has played a part in the kind of reception Syrians have received in their neighbor...

... consequences. © 2015 Current History. All rights reserved. 2015 The Regents of the University of California Samer Abboud Syria Free Syrian Army Local Coordination Committees Bashar al-Assad Turkey Islamic State ISIS Lebanon civil war 337 With major regional powers in disagreement...

...Tamirace Fakhoury Although its dysfunctional governance patterns predate the recent wave of turmoil in the region, the war in Syria has unsettled Lebanon's precarious equilibrium. © 2015 Current History. All rights reserved. 2015 The Regents of the University of California Tamirace...

... , by Shibley Telhami . Basic Books , 2013 . © 2013 Current History. All rights reserved. 2013 The Regents of the University of California William Finan Shibley Telhami Arab public opinion Egypt Saudi Arabia Lebanon Morocco Jordan United Arab Emirates Turkey Israel Palestinians...

... Alawite Sunni Bashar al-Assad Russia Iran Kurds Lebanon Turkey 331 The first year and a half in the current round of Syria s long civil war took as many lives as the three-week orgy of violence in the city of Hama that ended the last round in 1982. In both cases, some 25,000 to 30,000 people...

... Qaeda Saudi Arabia United States Russia China Lebanon Syria 395 Relations among the regional powers in the Middle East continue to dominate global concerns about security. As we watch the era of George W. Bush fade into his- tory, we are still saddled with the consequences of policies...

.... © 2001 Current History. All rights reserved. 2001 The Regents of the University of California Arab George Bush democracy Islam Iraq Saddam Hussein Lebanon Arab Human Development Report United States Iran Bringing Democracy to the Arab World JOSHUA MURAVCHIK There are 22 Arab...

... the likelihood of a new terrorist-inflicted disaster? © 2001 Current History. All rights reserved. 2001 The Regents of the University of California Al Qaeda extremists Hezbollah Israel Lebanon Middle East Muslim Osama bin Laden Palestinian Persian Gulf How prudently will the United...

... of the University of California Balkans guerrilla Islam Israel Lebanon Palestine Liberation Organization religion revolutionary Russia terrorism The September 11 attack has created a resolve in America and elsewhere to end terror everywhere. But the history of terror does not inspire much confi...