Iraq, the Pariah State

Ahmed Hashim, a Washington-based consultant on the Middle East who specializes on Iraq, is the author of “The Strategic Culture of the Garrison State: Iraqi Views on Deterrence, Compellance, and War-Fighting vis-a-vis Israel, 1988–1991,” in David Wurmser, ed, Regional Security in the Middle East: Arab and Israeli Concepts of Deterrence and Defense (Washington, D.C.: United States Institute of Peace, 1992).