...Paul Shields Early propaganda studies in authoritarian countries argue that state media works to legitimize the regime through indoctrination and persuasion. However, recent scholarship shows that citizens in authoritarian countries—in states like China, Syria, Russia, and Kazakhstan—can...

... propaganda tactics. It also faces constraints and challenges—some derived from conflicts with reality, and others derived from internal logical imbalances. The turn marks a new stage in the development of contemporary Chinese nationalism, in which official nationalism absorbs elements from popular...

... The Regents of the University of California Media Memory Neo-conservatism Propaganda Russia Keywor Media Memor Neo-co Propaga Russia, in addition to its political implications. Furthermore, the role played by the Russian n ima real f mes o 14), related to the nt on a prosperous t and, at the same...

... of the University of California. Keywords: Lenin; Stalin; Putin; Foreign threat; Anti-Americanism; Legitimacy; Regime; Encirclement; Propaganda; Color revolutions Democracy in Russia Introduction: a foreign threat to the regime The interaction between domestic and foreign policy has been an issue for political...

.... Some observers also take this bottom-up approach to find the major cause of Chinese nationalism and believe that “the nationalist wave in China is a spontaneous public reaction to a series of international events, not a government propaganda.” (Zhang, M. (1997) The new thinking of Sino–US relations...