... grants network leadership clientelism Albania Beginning in the early 1990s, decentralization policies became a priority across post-socialist countries during their transition from a strictly centralized economy and governance to democracy. The main rationale behind such policies was based...

...Stanislav N. Shkel The article analyzes authoritarian regimes within the post-Soviet territory in terms of informal practices (clannishness, clientelism and patronage) and their characteristics used by political leaders to form a power coalition. It has been argued that any of these informal...

... of elites after the change of power in Ukraine in 2014. I argue that despite greater than in the post-orange period quantitative renewal of elites, qualitative change has not occurred. Meanwhile, the old operational code, or modus operandi , of elites’ political culture, composed of clientelism, secretive...

... of this network in the secret police, at five critical junctures in Beria’s career. © 2011 The Regents of the University of California. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. 2011 The Regents of the University of California Patron–client relations Clientelism Beria Secret police...

... of California Post-Soviet Armenia Decentralization Governance Accountability Clientelism Service delivery power and resources from the central level to local governments and other entities. These reforms have been supported by international development agencies, such as the United States Agency...

...-Stalin succession contest in the spring of 1953. © 2008 The Regents of the University of California. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. 2008 The Regents of the University of California Patroneclient relations Clientelism Stalin Beria Khrushchev Soviet Union works...