... interactions in society and build long-term interest in common interests as opposed to social norms of corruption ( Hooghe and Stolle 2003 ; Jamal 2007 ; Ostrom 1990 ; Putnam 1993 ; Rothstein 2005 , 2011 ). Corruption describes common practices of the abuse of entrusted authority, prioritizing...

... inequality. Direct causes include fertility rate, per capita income, polygamy, OECD country, and corruption. Gender inequality in Arab countries is highly variable due to large differences in per capita income and is elevated because of polygamy and corruption. Arab countries can enact policies that would...

..., made the way for heightened moments of political contention, and finally marked a puncturing of repressive conditions under the authoritarian rule and represented a radical rupture from country’s dictatorial past ( Chomiak 2016 ). Tunisian Revolution Zine El Abidine Bin Ali despotism corruption...

...Ahmed Alaa Fayed Given that corruption was one of the primary reasons that pushed the Egyptian masses to rally in 2011, it is important to look at its current status to see whether the levels of corruption have increased, decreased or remained the same since. This paper overviews the current status...

... their research output as well international collaboration. © 2011 The Centre for Arab Unity Studies 2011 Arab countries political economy corruption science policy self-reliance human capital research and development collaboration in scientific research Contemporary Arab Affairs Vol. 4, No. 2...

...Ziad Hafez This paper is an attempt at showing the relationship between a rent-based economy, factionalism and corruption. The premise is that without an understanding of the culture of rent, factionalism and corruption, attempts at political and economic reform will not succeed...

...Amer Khayatt The global fight against corruption has gained momentum in the last two decades when its adverse effects on national economies, professional practice and the promotion of democracy and governance, have become clear. Yet the Arab region remained resistant towards these efforts...