... Egypt Syria Lebanon Yemen Oman Kuwait Jordan Tunisia Sudan Libya International rankings since 2003 have shown the low quality of the level of Arab universities. Out of over 500 universities in Arab countries, only five have emerged among Shanghai’s top 500 since 2003. 1 In contrast...

...Abdu Mukhtar Musa As in most Arab and Third World countries, the tribal structure is an anthropological reality and a sociological particularity in Sudan. Despite development and modernity aspects in many major cities and urban areas in Sudan, the tribe and the tribal structure still maintain...

...Mohammed Hussein Sharfi This paper looks at the Sudanese regime's foreign policy agenda and its sponsorship of radical groups in its initial years in power. It discusses the regime's revolutionary pan-Islamist ideology and the belief that Sudan should take a prominent role in Islamic revivalism...

...Hayder Ibrahim Ali This article deals with the political transformation of Sudan since the colonial period. It also depicts the instability of the governing process since independence by showing how the traditional social and political organization of society has played a major role in shaping its...

...Abdelwahab El-Affendi In spite of the numerous challenges it faces (including a traumatic split), Sudan has not yet fallen to the domino effect of Arab revolutions. However, Sudan has not just one but two experiences from which to draw lessons about the conduct of successful peaceful popular...

...Francis M. Deng; Abdelwahab El‐Affendi Sudan is facing the most crucial challenge of its history with the referendum on unity in the South planned for January 2011. In this paper, the two authors attempt to assess the nature of the challenge, and explore possible scenarios and options for dealing...

...Abdelwahab El-Affendi Conflict-prone Sudan is at a decisive cross-roads in its history as the multiple crises gripping the country force on the actors some stark choices. As the world focuses on the spiralling Darfur crisis and offers the wrong prescriptions for its resolution, the optimistically...