Using original survey data, we test the level, distribution, and demographic patterns of populist attitudes in Indonesia. Populist attitudes are widely spread across the political spectrum; disproportionately high in the middle and upper classes; and particularly robust when coupled with other primary ideologies, such as Islamism and secularism.

The conservative Liberal Democratic Party won overwhelming victories in the 2012, 2013, 2014, and 2016 elections in Japan. We discuss whether this reflected a rightward shift in the electorate, by examining how major parties and leaders are identified with particular ideological poles, and citizen–government distance on a range of issues.

South Korea's political parties, previously characterized as vehicles by leaders to recruit entourages to win presidential elections, are becoming more ideologically oriented. The ruling party's new left-wing elites and a new labor party are central to these tensions between entourage and ideology. Growing ideological orientation may affect both political development and the ROK-U.S. alliance.