...’ shadow economy provided crucial livelihood buffers to the economic crisis. The National Assembly began work on a constitutional amendment, with the 2026 Party Congress on the horizon. [email protected] © 2025 by The Regents of the University of California 2025 Laos economy debt...

... of India,” who constituted the sovereign republic of India at the point of promulgation of the Constitution of India in 1950. In its judgement upholding the constitutionality of the abrogation of Article 370, the Court argued that “the defining contours of the relationship between the State and the Union...

... that subject [the] courts to party supervision and influence (CCP 2014). The word constitutionalism has been restricted in the official media since Xi came to power (Qian 2014). MAO: CORRECT IDEAS COME FROM SOCIAL PRACTICE In writing constitutions, the Chinese communists have never believed in abstract...

... constitution secular/Islamic 1MDB election politics ANTHONY MILNER Malaysia in 2017 Clever Politics, Deeper Transformation ABSTRACT The Najib government continued to consolidate its political hold on Malaysia in 2017. Various factors, including a moderately improved economic situation and a relatively...

...Duncan Mccargo Following the epochal funeral of the late King Bhumibol Adulyadej in October 2017, Thailand stands at a difficult crossroads. A new constitution was ratified in April, and the military junta is running out of reasons to stick around. Yet Thailand remains deeply polarized politically...

...Duncan McCargo Events in Thailand during 2016 were overshadowed by the death of long-reigning King Bhumibol Adulyadej on October 13, and the entire nation’s mourning. Despite the popular approval of a new constitution in August 2016, Thailand’s military regime showed no sign of relinquishing power...

... and loyalists to former President Rajapaksa presages political turmoil in 2017 that could imperil constitutional reform and ethnic reconciliation. © 2017 by The Regents of the University of California 2017 Maithripala Sirisena Mahinda Rajapaksa Ranil Wickremesinghe Sri Lanka constitution minorities...

... expectations for economic growth. Throughout the year, the government and opposition parties dealt with internal management issues, voter and candidate lists, and partisan electoral politics. © 2016 by The Regents of the University of California 2016 Myanmar constitution Nationwide Ceasefire...

...Kitti Prasirtsuk Under the military regime, Thailand struggled to design a new constitution. As the recently drafted document was rejected, another Constitutional Drafting Committee was installed, in effect delaying the return to electoral democracy for almost a year, until mid-2017 or so...

...Anne Mocko; Dorji Penjore Nepal faced massive earthquakes, which killed, displaced, or traumatized thousands of people, but it also ratified a new constitution and elected its first female head of state. Bhutan celebrated the legacy of King Jigme Singye Wangchuck, made advances in its hydropower...

...Tin Maung Maung Than Myanmar saw some progress in efforts at constitutional amendment and ceasefire negotiations, both pressing issues. Attempts to introduce proportional representation failed in the lower house of Parliament. Critics pointed out stalled reforms. The economy achieved high growth...

...). Nepal faced three natural disasters. © 2015 by the Regents of the University of California 2015 elections Narendra Modi Mount Everest constitution literacy ANNE MOCKO AND DORJI PENJORE Nepal and Bhutan in 2014 New Governments, Old Problems ABSTRACT Both Nepal and Bhutan formed new...

...Edmund Malesky This essay reviews Vietnamese politics in 2013 through the lens of the constitutional drafting process and the unprecedented confidence vote in the National Assembly. Both events were framed by the country’s ongoing economic struggles, elite political contestation, international...

...Tin Maung Maung Than The year 2013 in Myanmar saw parliaments disagreeing with the executive. A joint parliamentary committee to review and amend the Constitution was formed. Western sanctions were virtually withdrawn. A resurgence of communal violence, the emergence of Buddhist nationalism...

... of Daw Aung San Suu Kyi, which drew worldwide attention. Myanmar's economy continued to underperform. © 2011 By the Regents of the University of California Myanmar elections economy Constitution minorities Asian Survey, Vol. 51, Number 1, pp. 148 154. ISSN 0004-4687, electronic ISSN 1533...

...Erik Martinez Kuhonta Thailand's adoption of a new constitution in 1997 was meant to advance far-reaching reforms in the country's democratic development. A decade later, it is clear that these constitutional reforms failed. The Constitution unintentionally consolidated Prime Minister Thaksin's...

...James Ockey The year 2007 marked a return to parliamentary rule in Thailand, with a new Constitution approved in August and elections in December. With democracy, some fear the return of popular former Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra, overthrown in the coup of 2006. Attempts by the coup group...

.... The Constitution Court rules on the constitutionality of actions or laws. All of these responsibilities are designed to strengthen the check-and-balance system. However, the 1997 Constitution allows political parties to be involved in nominating members of these independent watchdog agencies, as a compromise deal...