... collaborated to shore up Pakistan’s civil–military (democratic–authoritarian) “hybrid regime.” [email protected] © 2025 by The Regents of the University of California 2025 Pakistan PTI supreme court Qazi Faez Isa IMF insurgency TTP BLA hybrid regime Throughout 2024, Pakistan was shaped...

... backsliding witnessed in recent years. Although Pakistan heads to the polls in the new year, it appears to be saddled by the weight of the political status quo. Email: < [email protected] >. © 2024 by The Regents of the University of California 2024 Pakistan military PTI economic...

... government, then led by the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (Pakistan Movement for Justice, PTI), struggled desperately to stabilize the economy, quell the flight of US dollars, and stabilize the currency. And yet after the IMF bailed out the economy by releasing a tranche of USD 1 billion, the government reneged...

...Sahar Shafqat Pakistan began the year with an energized opposition that directly challenged the military establishment, but as the year progressed, the opposition alliance fell apart under the strain of internal divisions. The military establishment pushed back against the ruling PTI and regained...

...Sahar Shafqat Pakistan began the year with the military establishment having tightened its grip on political institutions, but as the year progressed, opposition parties sought to reassert themselves and challenged both the PTI government and military leaders. Political movements took center stage...

...Aqil Shah Parliamentary elections in July 2018 brought the right-wing Pakistan Tehrik-e-Insaaf, headed by former cricketer Imran Khan, to power. The PTI finished short of the 137 seats needed to form a government. But it emerged as the single largest party in parliament. Former Prime Minister Nawaz...