...Robert A. Cooper Reliable scientific conclusions are based on verifiable empirical evidence. But data must be transformed and interpreted before they become evidence, and statistical inference plays an important role in the process of interpretation. Biologists use statistics to organize...

... statistics and Student’s t -tests through coding; create simple bar and line graphs using code; and, parse, handle, and analyze imported data sets. There is currently no standard “best practice” for teaching coding skills to biology majors, but this module can serve as a template to ease students into coding...

...Robert A. Cooper Statistical methods are indispensable to the practice of science. But statistical hypothesis testing can seem daunting, with P -values, null hypotheses, and the concept of statistical significance. This article explains the concepts associated with statistical hypothesis testing...

...Robert Hopkins II; Halley Alberts This activity is designed as a primer to teaching population dispersion analysis. The aim is to help improve students’ spatial thinking and their understanding of how spatial statistic equations work. Students use simulated data to develop their own statistic...

...Grant M. Casady Undergraduate biology labs often explore the techniques of data collection but neglect the statistical framework necessary to express findings. Students can be confused about how to use their statistical knowledge to address specific biological questions. Growth in the area...

... component of the Science Research Institute program, students integrated essential math concepts with their research questions. Students designed experiments using data-acquisition units to monitor heart rate and pulse in order to obtain enough statistical power to mathematically use the words “more...

... of scientific inquiry and quantitative reasoning in biology. This multi-week investigation uses observations of avian form and function and an extensive student-generated data set to introduce hypothesis testing, experimental design, and biological statistics. Research groups compare feeding preferences...

..., and statistical analysis, were introduced into existing exercises in an introductory biology laboratory course. After completing the updated course, students demonstrated improved ability to understand and interpret statistical analyses. Furthermore, students were more likely to understand that hypothesis...