... was 17,855 on August 31, 2020, when this paper was first submitted. © 2021 by The Regents of the University of California 2021 alignment bioinformatics COVID-19 online phylogeny SARS-CoV-2 spike protein The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic created a need for online high school instruction...

... appropriate to the field (e.g., monophyly , sister taxa , convergence , homolog ). Finally, the instructor reveals the accepted “correct” relationships by rearranging cards and drawing or sharing the true phylogeny (see Supplemental Material Appendix S2). Alternatively, students could be tasked...

... of today and the fictitious ones in this lab. © 2021 by The Regents of the University of California 2021 genotype phenotype MEGA phylogeny drawing discovery plasticity predators ecology The concepts of genotypes (heritable, nonobservable sets of genes) and phenotypes (expression...

... of the University of California 2021 adaptation common ancestry evolution natural selection Next Generation Science Standards phylogeny science curricula science education Evolution by natural selection is of practical importance in medicine, public health, biotechnology, resource management...

... phylogeny systematics evolution characters parsimony Across myriad cultures, the reptilian creatures known as dragons have been iconic symbols of ancient power, wisdom, and even terror. Mythological texts and literature both classical and modern have greatly popularized the dragon and the myths...

... ). In this study, 71 taxa and 150 different genes were used. The resulting animal tree is presented in Figure 1 , with slight modifications as a result of subsequent work. Figure 1. An animal phylogeny. This figure is presented in two different ways: panel A shows a tree drawn in the more traditional way...

...Christopher G. Brown Evolution is a fundamental principle in biology, yet students, teachers, and the public at large all too often misunderstand the way it works. I introduce a hands-on exercise that emphasizes tree-thinking and phylogenies to organize biodiversity. During the activity, students...

... given to Cohorts I & II. Each item was answered only by students who selected nonliving objects to draw a tree (n = 37). Item 1. Did developing this tree enhance your knowledge of phylogenies? (See Figure 2 for data.) “By using more familiar, common objects this process came...

... to explore that uncertainty. To avoid anxiety about “correct” answers, your assessment of student work should focus on how students analyze data, draw conclusions, and revise their ideas, not on how quickly they deduce the “correct” phylogeny. Finally, it might be useful for your students, particularly...

.... If needed, you can provide support in the manner described in step 2. Figure 3 shows the cladograms used in Model 3, and Figure 4 shows the associated text. Possible target answers for all models and accompanying questions are given in Figure 5 . Figure 3. Model 3 (phylogeny of turtle genera...

...Kathryn M. Flinn In this classroom activity, students build a phylogeny for woody plant species based on the morphology of their twigs. Using any available twigs, students can practice the process of cladistics to test evolutionary hypotheses for real organisms. They identify homologous characters...

... cladograms can be compared with a published mammalian phylogeny. The exercise illustrates phylogenetics, the principle of parsimony, and hypothesis testing using morphological data. © 2014 by National Association of Biology Teachers. All rights reserved. Request permission to photocopy or reproduce article...